台灣聯合珠寶玉石鑑定中心

植物油、矽油、石蠟和水玻璃的拉曼光譜與紅外線吸收光譜
Raman and FTIR spectrum of Oil, Silicon Oil, Wax and Sodium Silicate.

常聽聞有傳言說翡翠除了燉蠟、灌膠以外，還有浸泡水玻璃的處理方式。又有此一說：矽油、水玻璃也可能用於祖母綠、碧璽等寶石的淨度優化，而且根據傳聞這些充填材質鑑定所驗不出來！？小編今天要成為流言終結者，為大家解惑！針對這個問題，要先知道專業的鑑定所是如何檢驗？翡翠、祖母綠和碧璽都是有可能有外來充填物質的寶石品種，翡翠主要的表面充填物是石蠟(燉蠟)和環氧樹脂(灌膠)，祖母綠的主要充填物質是油、蠟和樹脂，碧璽則是偶見環氧樹脂填充，玻璃則是鉛玻璃(玻充)或油(浸油)。以台灣聯合珠寶玉石鑑定中心而言，主要採用100倍暗場顯微鏡、拉曼光譜儀、FTIR紅外線光譜儀和EDXRF等儀器進行充填物質檢驗。

顯微鏡觀察充填物質最大的缺點就是無法確定物質的種類，只知道表面的結構裂隙或大致的充填物相態，例如固態就是樹脂，液態就是油等等。然而在FTIR與拉曼等高階儀器下，充填物質的種類其實無所遁形。所以即使真的有出現這些新型的充填物質，鑑定所也有辦法檢驗，而目前為止，真的未曾遇過類似的新型處理方式。請大家不應再相信沒有根據的說法了

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Rumor has it that new type of clarity enhancement appears on jewel market which uses silicon oil and sodium Silicate as the filled substance. Furthermore, rumor says the enhancement is not detectable in gem labs. In order to break the rumors, TULAB gemologists uses raman spectrum and FTIR spectrum to compare the difference of 4 substances: Oil, Silicon Oil, Wax and Sodium Silicate. Microscope is capable of observing the surface structure; however, it can not be used to identify the filled substances. Raman, FTIR and EDXRF will be necessary on identifying the type of filled materials. Most important of all, so far TULAB has never found any stone enhanced by silicon oil or sodium silicate.

祖母綠表面坑洞中的樹脂補丁 Resin patch in the surface pit of emerald